THE EFFECT OF TRANEXAMIC ACID IN PRIMARY TOTALHIP ARTHROPLASTY

Back ground: In this Randomized Controlled Trials clinical study, we report results of the effect of tranexamic acid intravenous administration and local injection on transfusion rate and perioperative blood loss in primary total hip replacement.
Aim of the Study: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of tranexamic acid intravenous administration and local injection on transfusion rate and perioperative blood loss in primary total hip replacement
Patients and methods: The study will include 30 patients in each of the 2 groups.
Group (1) Including 30 cases (control group).
Group (2) Including 30 cases managed by I.V and local TXA injection. We compare between both group as regard transfusion rate and perioperative blood loss.
Results: Patients in the TXA group had significantly higher postoperative hemoglobin (10.34 vs 9.78 g/dl, P<0.102), lower hemoglobin changes (1.88 vs 2.52 g/dl, p < 0.001). higher postoperative hematocrit (34.37 vs 31.46 L/L, P<0.009), lower hematocrit changes (6.17 vs 7.36 L/L, p < 0.001), lower total blood loss (906 vs 1208 ml, P<0.001), lower transfusion rate (6.7 %vs 26.7%, P<0.038), no statistically significant difference between 2 groups regarding demographic data (weight and sex), There was no difference among the 2 groups regarding to the rates of deep vein thrombosis. No patients had thromboembolic complications.
Conclusion: In the present study, I. Vcombined with topical administration of TXA significantly reduced postoperative blood loss in patients having a primary unilateral THA. The calculated blood loss was 25% lower in patients who were managed with TXA as compared with the placebo, with a mean difference of approximately 300 ml. Patients in the TXA group had significantly higher postoperative hemoglobin than placebo patient higher postoperative hematocrit lower transfusion rate decreased about 20 %.